Scholastic Scrimmage: Einstein vs Newton

Welcome to PBS39's Scholastic Scrimmage.

Scholastic Scrimmage is brought to you by the members of PBS39 and by... - St Luke's University Health Network, Lehigh Valley's first and only School of Medicine and the nation's oldest school of nursing.

St Luke's has been proudly operating for 150 years.

More at SLUHN.org.

- Also made possible by... - Hello and welcome to the all star match of the 48th season of Scholastic Scrimmage.

I'm your host, David Graf.

Today's game features two teams made up of one representative of each of the final eight teams in this year's tournament.

The match will be composed of two halves with a lightning round midway through each half.

At half-time, we will pause to get to know the students a little bit better.

As a reminder, Scholastic Scrimmage requires rapid recall of specific factual information that's not necessarily indicative of academic training.

And now let's begin.

Buzzers ready and also pencil and paper ready, because our first toss-up is in math.

If a quadratic polynomial has roots at x = 3 and x = 7, then what is the value of x at its axis of symmetry?

Newton.

- 5.

- 5 is correct.

X = 5.

For your bonus, Team Newton, in 2022, a group led by Mike Nicholson succeeded in changing the blood type of what organs, whose functional units are called nephrons?

- Kidneys.

- Kidneys is correct.

Next toss-up.

What country, whose former interim president Jeanine Anez was arrested in 2021, is now led by Luis Arce, a former minister under Evo Morales?

That country is Bolivia.

Next toss-up.

What peninsula, which contains St Catherine's monastery and the resort of Sharm el-Sheikh is north of the Red Sea and east of the Suez... Newton.

- Sinai Peninsula.

- Sinai Peninsula is correct.

It's east of the Suez Canal.

For your bonus, Tymoshenko was a long-time leader in what Colombian guerilla group that fought to create a communist state until a 2016 ceasefire?

- Arcos?

- That is incorrect.

The FARC is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What president whose cabinet members shunned Peggy Eaton in the Petticoat Affair... Newtons.

- Grant.

- That is incorrect.

I'll continue on for Einsteins.

Einsteins, go ahead.

- Jackson.

- That is correct, Andrew Jackson.

For your bonus, what word that describes a type of communication shared between two cultures that do not speak the same language is a homophone for a type of bird?

- Maybe cardinal?

- Sure.

Cardinal.

- That is incorrect.

It's a pigeon.

And just a fun fact.

If a pigeon becomes a mother tongue of a group of people, it then becomes a... - Albatross.

-Creole.

- Creole is correct.

Creole, Nathan.

That is correct.

No points, but just the credit on that one.

For the next toss-up, what landforms which come in recessional, medial lateral and terminal types are accumulations of till and debris deposited by glaciers?

Einstein.

- Fjords.

- That is incorrect.

The Newton team has a little bit of time, but no conferring.

- Drummonds?

- Incorrect Moraines is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What product, types of which include Diamond, Natural and Purina Bountiful, may be consumed by household pets such as Dobermans and schnauzers?

Newton.

- Dog food.

- That is correct.

Dry dog food is the correct answer.

For your bonus, what term is given to a combination of staffs connected by a brace used to write music for one instrument such as a piano?

- Grand staff.

- Grand staff is correct.

Next toss-up question.

What book whose protagonist acquires a bell that cannot be heard by most adults... Einstein.

- The Polar Express.

- That is correct.

And it is by Chris van Allsburg.

For your bonus, what European city is home to the Trevi Fountain, which travelers traditionally throw a coin into to ensure that they will one day return to the city?

That'll be the Trevi Fountain.

- We're going to go with Rome.

- Rome is correct.

Next toss-up.

What scientist lends his name to a type of ohmic heating due to a wire resistance and to a unit equal to one Newton meter, namely the SI unit of energy?

Einstein.

- A joule.

- A joule is correct.

The scientist was James Prescott Joule.

For your bonus, what branch of physics describes particles using wave functions that can become entangled and which collapse during measurements?

- Quantum physics.

- Will we take...?

- That's correct.

- That is correct.

Quantum physics or quantum mechanics is the correct answer.

And with that, we have reached the first lightning round.

In a pre-match coin toss, it was determined that Team Einstein will get to pick from the following topics.

Robert Louis Stevenson, or black history.

- We'll go with black history.

- Black history.

All right.

Newton team, hopefully someone is a fan of Robert Louis Stevenson on that side.

Team Einstein, you have black history.

Name these people, things and events from African American history.

1954 Supreme Court case outlawing school segment... - Brown versus Board of Education.

- Correct.

Holiday celebrating the Emancipation Proclamation.

- Juneteenth.

- That is correct.

Network used to smuggle escaped slaves.

- Underground Railroad.

- Correct.

Mostly black group of pilots in the army, air force... - Tuskegee.

- That is correct.

Constitutional amendment that banned chattel slavery.

- 13th.

- That is correct.

Author of The Souls of Black Folk.

- Frederick Douglass.

- Incorrect.

WEB Dubois for that one, 1967, Supreme Court case permitting interracial marriage.

- Loving v Virginia.

- That is correct.

Fraction in the Constitution... - Three-fifths.

- That is correct Cosmetic mogul, the US's first self-made female millionaire.

- Misty Copeland.

- Incorrect Madam CJ Walker.

And the leader of a namesake 1831 slave rebellion in Virginia.

- John Brown.

- That is incorrect.

It's Nat Turner, the correct answer for that one.

Newtons, you have Robert Louis Stevenson.

Answer the following about literary works by Robert Louis Stevenson.

A doctor who transforms into Mr Hyde.

- Dr Jekyll.

- That is correct.

Stevenson wrote that love is a great and aching one of these organs.

- Heart.

- That is correct.

Novel in which David Balfour is abducted.

- Treasure Island.

- Incorrect.

Constituent country of the UK where Stevenson was born.

- Scotland.

- That is correct.

Captain who leaves a map in Treasure Island.

- Long John Silver.

- Incorrect.

One-legged pirate who starts a mutiny in Treasure Island.

- Long John Silver.

- There we go.

Type of pet bird owned by Long John Silver.

- Parrot.

- That is correct.

Boy who narrates Treasure Island.

- John.

- Incorrect.

Jim Hawkins.

Pacific Island country where Stevenson's poem Requiem appears on his tomb.

Samoa.

°That is correct.

Title object that contains an imp in a Stevenson story.

- Jar.

- Incorrect.

A bottle.

OK. And we are going to continue on with the following toss-up question.

What war in which the Battle of Anchorman was followed by a long siege of Sevastopol was a victory for a British... Newtons.

- Crimean War?

- That is correct.

It was a victory for a British, French, Ottoman Alliance over Russia.

For your bonus...

In Greek mythology, both the Graces and the Fates are usually described as consisting of how many sisters?

- Three, - Three is correct.

Next toss-up.

What singer who released the 2021 albums Blue Banisters and Chem Trails Over the Country Club, says, It's you, it's you, it's all for you.

in her breakout hit Video Games?

Oh, come on, teams.

One of my favorites.

Lana Del Rey.

Next toss-up question.

What play, in which aristocrat Madame Ranevsky loses her family's estate in Russia, is by Anton Chekhov... Newton.

- The Cherry Orchard - That is correct.

..and ends as axes fells the title trees?

For your bonus, what behaviorist psychologist, who wrote the much derided 1957 book on linguistics Verbal Behavior invented the operant conditioning chamber?

Anything?

- Johnson?

- That is incorrect.

BF Skinner is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What composer, who included a Rose Adagio in his ballet Sleeping Beauty, used a B minor oboe theme to represent Odette in his ballet Swan Lake?

Newtons.

- Tchaikovsky.

- Tchaikovsky is correct.

For your bonus, what second largest moon of Jupiter is thought to be unusually undifferentiated and has a surface almost entirely covered by impact craters?

- Io.

- That's incorrect.

Callisto is the correct answer.

Next toss-up question.

What state whose 2022 gubernatorial election was between Katie Hobbs and Kerry Lake... Einsteins.

- Arizona?

- That is correct.

And it's represented in the Senate by Mark Kelly and Kyrsten Sinema.

For your bonus, The Tale of Anklet is one of the five great epics by what Dravidian language spoken in northern Sri Lanka and southern India?

- Tamil.

- Tamil is correct.

Next toss-up question, What monarch who finished the Djinguereber Mosque and may have reduced the value of gold by giving it away... Newtons.

- Mansa Musa.

- Mansa Musa is correct.

He was the ninth Mansa of the Mali empire.

For your bonus, in 1962, what future Ohio Senator became the first American to orbit the Earth aboard Friendship Seven?

- John Glenn.

- John Glenn is correct.

Next toss-up question.

What property characterizes the operation of an Abelian group, is lacked by a matrix multiplication and means that A times B always equals... Newton.

- Commutative.

- That is correct.

Commutative property.

It means that A times B always equals B times A.

For your bonus, the 2022 student loan relief announced by Joe Biden forgave more debt for recipients of what grants intended for students from low income families?

- Pelver.

- Say it again.

- Pelver?

- No, no, that's incorrect.

Pell Grants is the correct answer.

On to the next toss-up question.

What British author wrote about siblings Isabella and Edgar Linton, who grew up at the Thrushcross Grange estate in her novel Wuthering Heights?

Einsteins.

- Bronte.

- Which one?

- Emily Bronte.

- Emily Bronte is correct.

For your bonus, what sensitive yellow tissue is a major component of teeth, surrounds the pulp and is covered by cementum in the root and enamel on the crown?

- Plaque?

- Nope.

No future dentists on the team.

It's dentine is the answer we're looking for.

And with that, we have reached half-time.

Excellent match under way.

The Newton team currently leads the Einstein team with a score of 145 to 105.

And with that, we will have each member of the team introduce themselves, say the school that they are representing who made the final eight, and also tell us what their favorite color is.

Colin, we'll start with you.

- My name is Colin.

I'm a senior at Stroudsburg High School and my favorite color is green.

- I'm Levi from Pen Argyl High School I am a sophomore and my favorite color is also green.

- I am Lincoln.

I am from Saucon Valley Senior High School and my favorite color is orange.

- My name is Hunter.

I'm from Allentown Central Catholic High School.

And my favorite color is red.

- All right, Team Newton.

- I'm Tim.

I'm in 11th grade at Northwestern Lehigh High School.

And my favorite color is blue.

- I'm Emily.

I'm a senior at Northampton Area High School.

My favorite color is brown.

- I'm Thomas from Parkland High School.

And I am colorblind.

- All right!

Nathaniel.

- I'm Nathaniel from Moravian Academy.

My favorite color is purple.

It makes getting dressed easier.

Just wear all black all the time.

You'll look cool.

You don't have to worry about the color palette anyway.

All right.

And with that, we will continue on with the second half with the following toss-up question.

What symbol, which precedes a fragment in a URL and a comment in Python, is above... Newton.

- Slash.

- That is incorrect.

I'll continue on for the Einsteins.

..is above the 3 on a QWERTY keyboard and is the first character in a hashtag?

Einstein.

- Octothorpe.

- That is correct.

Also known as the number sign.

Correct, Levi.

- Pound symbol.

- I was going to say hashtag.

- We would have taken pound sign as well, too.

I was wondering if everybody in their heads is going through their keyboard and where they reach for the sign.

Your bonus.

In 1901, a 63 year old woman named Annie Edison Taylor was the first person to survive going over what international landmark in a wooden barrel?

- Niagara Falls.

- Niagara Falls is correct.

What other landmark could that possibly be?

It can be only one.

I don't think she survived that.

That's the key in that question.

OK. Next toss-up question.

What archipelago is home to Fort Jefferson, which is in the Dry Tortugas National Park... Einstein.

- Dry Tortugas.

- No, that is incorrect.

I'll continue on for Team Newton.

..Dry Tortugas National Park and the southernmost city in the contiguous US Key West?

Newton.

- The Florida Keys.

- Florida Keys is correct.

For your bonus, a dream of a snake eating its tail inspired August Kekule to discover the structure of what aromatic compound with the formula C6H6?

- Ether.

- Incorrect.

Benzene is the correct answer.

Next toss-up question.

What country where the 2022 death of Mahsa Amini led to protests in... Newton.

- Iran?

- Iran is correct.

..where women publicly removed and burned their hijabs.

For your bonus, the first act of the musical Wicked ends with what song, ends with the oppressor rising above Oz... - Defying Gravity.

- Go ahead.

Defying gravity is correct.

Thank you for speaking up.

Didn't have to read the rest of the question.

Next toss-up.

Which English king, who in legend was opposed by Robin Hood, succeeded his brother Richard the Lionheart... Einstein.

- John.

- Yes, that is correct.

King John of England.

He reluctantly signed the Magna Carta.

For your bonus, what US president was the last one eligible to run for a third term, as he was in office when the 22nd...

It's a bonus, so I'll finish.

He was in office when the 22nd Amendment was ratified.

- Truman.

- He's sure it's Truman and he is correct.

It is Truman.

Next toss-up.

What country, the setting of the Edgar Allan Poe story The Pit And The Pendulum, is where the Catholic monarchs targeted heretics with the Inquisition?

Newton.

- Spain.

- That is correct.

For your bonus, the phrase tender is the night comes from what English romantic poem, which ends by asking Do I wake or sleep, and is addressed to the title bird?

Nightingale.

Ode To A Nightingale - Ode To A Nightingale is correct.

Next toss-up question.

What materials have a band gap exceeding three EV, every include dielectrics and plastics... Newton.

- DuPont Center.

- That is incorrect.

They block current flow and are commonly wrapped around electrical wires.

Einstein.

- insulators.

- Insulators is correct.

For your bonus, following the death of Elizabeth II, Europe's only reigning queen is what country's Queen Margarethe II?

We are going to go with - Norway.

- That is incorrect.

I was just there and got the tour of the palace, and she was in residence.

It is the kingdom of Denmark.

Denmark.

Next toss-up question.

What island that Alcibiades tried and end disastrously failed to assault in 1415 BC was home to Syracuse and is the largest... Newtons.

- Sicily.

- That is correct.

It's the largest Mediterranean island.

For your bonus, in 2022, the NFL announced that what annual event would be discontinued after 70 years, replaced by a skills contest and flag football game?

- Pro Bowl.

- Pro Bowl.

And that's correct.

One of the most useless of all the professional sports games, especially with players having to risk injury.

And with that, we have reached the second lightning round.

Newtons, you will get to pick between the following topics.

Four letter words or car - C-A-R. Four letter words.

°Four letter words.

All right, Team Newton, your topic is four letter words.

Give these four letter words, each which contain just one vowel.

Skirt worn in the Scottish Highlands.

- Kilt.

- Correct.

Urban haze caused by pollutants.

- Smog.

- Correct.

Yellow portion of an egg.

- Yolk.

- Correct.

Likelihood of something happening.

- Odds.

- Correct.

Cleverly skillful.

- Deft.

- Correct.

To crouch.

- Pass.

- Duck or bend is the correct answer.

Wearing shoes.

- Pass.

- Shod.

Cross-like symbol with a loop at its top.

- Ankh.

- Correct.

Serious criticism or anti-aircraft munitions.

- Fire.

- Flak.

To perform in public for money.

- Busk.

- That is correct.

Einsteins, you have car or C-A-R. Identify these things whose names contain the successive letters C-A-R.

Element with atomic number 6.

- Carbon.

- That is correct.

Orange brown confectionary made by heating sugar.

- Caramel.

- Correct, Type of fish that includes koi.

- Carp.

- Correct.

Island nation whose capital is Antananarivo.

- Madagascar.

- Correct.

Band of cloth worn around the neck.

- Scarf.

- Correct.

President whose vice president was Walter Mondale?

- Jimmy Carter.

- Correct.

Brother of Mustafa who steals... - Scar.

- correct.

American general who overthrew the military occupants of Japan.

- MacArthur.

- MacArthur is correct.

University in Pittsburgh, attended by Andy Warhol.

- Carnegie.

- Correct.

Most populous city in Wales.

- Cardiff.

- That is correct.

Nice job, Team Einstein.

And we will conclude the match and start the final quarter with this toss-up.

What player who in 2011 signed a ten year deal with the Angels returned... Newton.

- Trout?

- That is incorrect.

..returned at age 42 to the St Louis Cardinals and hit his 700th home run?

- Albert Pujols.

- Albert Pujols is correct.

For your bonus, from 1965 to 1986, what dictator ruled the Philippines alongside his shoe loving wife Imelda, before being deposed in the People Power Revolution?

- LeBron James.

- That's incorrect.

Ferdinand Marcos is the correct answer.

Next toss-up question.

What state is the setting of the story An Occurrence At Owl Creek Bridge and Go Set A Watchman, a first draft of Harper Lee's... - Alabama.

- Alabama is correct, and it was the setting of a first draft of Harper Lee's To Kill A Mockingbird, Go Set A Watchman.

For your bonus.

what two numbers are the only two consecutive integers that are both prime?

- 2 and 3.

- Yeah, that's right, whoever said it.

Quick on the draw.

Next toss-up question.

What king's ghost titles a 1998 Adam Hochchild book that details the atrocities carried out in the Congo Free State while he was...

Team Newton.

- King Leopold.

- Be more specific.

- Leopold II.

- Leopold II is correct.

They were carried out while he was King of Belgium.

For your bonus, what mythical creature appears on the flags of both Wales and Bhutan?

- Dragon.

- A dragon is correct.

For the next toss-up, what class of substances, some of which are produced when UV light breaks down.

CFCs, are highly reactive and have one or more unpaired electrons?

Einstein.

- Radicals?

- Yeah.

Free radicals.

Radicals is correct.

For your bonus, what Shakespeare character is suffocated by her husband Othello after he is misled into thinking she has been unfaithful?

- Iago.

- Incorrect.

Desdemona is the correct answer.

Next toss-up question.

What biblical city where a woman named Rahab hid two Israelite scouts.. Newton.

- Jericho.

- Jericho is correct.

It's where the Israelites blew trumpets for seven days, causing a wall to fall.

Your bonus is in math.

Pencil and paper ready.

What integer is equal to the quotient of the quantity 3 raised to the 6th power divided by the quantity 9 cubed?

Go and tell your captain there.

- One.

- One is correct.

Next toss-up.

What war whose final battles include Pork Chop Hill ended with a strip... Einstein.

- Korean War.

- The Korean War is correct.

It ended with the strip on the 38th Parallel becoming the DMZ.

For your bonus, Aidy Bryant, Kate McKinnon and Pete Davidson were among the cast members who departed from what NBC show... - SNL.

- ..after its 47th season?

It is Saturday Night Live or SNL.

Next toss-up.

What object which is thrown into the lake by Bedevere after the battle of Cumberland is a magical sword given by the lady... Einstein.

- Excalibur.

- That is correct.

..given from the Lady of Lake to King Arthur?

For your bonus, what type of metrical foot, which consists of one long syllable followed by two short syllables has a name meaning finger?

- Cubit.

- Incorrect.

Dactyl is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What author's poetry collection, Barrack Room Ballads, includes a poem narrated by a British soldier about a heroic Indian water carrier named Gunga Din?

Einstein.

- Kipling.

- Rudyard Kipling is correct.

For your bonus, what Roman author pioneered the form of the encyclopedia in his book Natural History - before dying during the - eruption of Mount Vesuvius?

- Herodotus.

- Incorrect.

Pliny the Elder is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What right championed by the group NAWSA under Carrie Chapman Catt was endorsed by the Seneca Falls... You were in before the buzzer.

Go ahead.

- Suffrage.

- Suffrage is correct.

Excellent job, everybody.

That was a super close match.

So close that we ended in a tie right at the buzzer.

- Do we get the bonus?

- This is how we want to do it.

So they do not get the bonus because time had run out.

That's how it goes.

So what this means is that we will go to a the next question, the next toss-up, which is a sudden death question.

Now, just so the teams know, because we actually had a tie earlier this season, if you buzz in, we take the answer.

If it's incorrect, the other team wins.

If it's correct, your team wins.

So here we go with our sudden death toss-up.

What founder of the Poor Clares and Friars Minor was the first stigmatic, preacher to birds and other animals, and was born in the town of Assisi?

Team Einstein.

- Saint Francis.

- Is correct.

And with that, the Einsteins have won.

Excellent match.

That is the way to end the season.

Congratulations to all the teams in the final eight and to every team that participated this year in the 48th season of Scholastic Scrimmage.

Before we go, we thank our judges, Sally Campbell and Kathleen Steele, our volunteer, Phyllis Santo, and our producer and the head of the Education Department, Kate Refsnyder.

I'm your host, David Graf.

Thank you for tuning in.