Welcome to PBS39's Scholastic Scrimmage.

Scholastic Scrimmage is brought to you by the members of PBS39 and by... - St Luke's University Health Network.

Lehigh Valley's first and only School of Medicine and the nation's oldest school of nursing, St Luke's has been proudly operating for 150 years.

More at SLUHN.org.

- Also made possible by PPL, Peoples Security Foundation, Charles H Hoch Foundation.

And now here's your host, season of Scholastic Scrimmage.

I'm your host, David Graf.

Today's match between Pen Argyl High School and Salisbury will be composed of two halves with a lightning round midway through each half.

At half-time, we'll pause, so the students can introduce themselves and we'll get to know them a little bit better.

As a reminder, Scholastic Scrimmage requires rapid recall of specific factual information, and it's not necessarily indicative of academic training.

And now let's begin.

Buzzers ready.

We'll start the match with the following toss-up.

What particle oscillates between three flavors, has a tiny but nonzero mass, barely interacts with matter and has a name meaning little neutral one?

Salisbury.

- Neutron.

- That is incorrect.

Over to Pen Argyl.

- Electrons.

Electrons.

- That is also incorrect.

Neutrinos is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What city whose jumbo floating restaurant sank in 2022 contains Kowloon, north of Victoria Harbor, and in 1997 was handed over from the UK to China?

Pen Argyl.

- Hong Kong.

- That is correct.

For your bonus, what British author wrote about Tony's trip to Brazil in a Handful Of Dust and portrayed the alcoholic Lord Sebastian Flyte in Brideshead Revisited?

- Dickinson.

- Incorrect.

Evelyn Waugh was the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What battle in which Strong Vincent led a defense of Little Round Top and Pickett's Charge failed... Salisbury.

- Gettysburg.

- That is correct.

The Battle of Gettysburg.

For your bonus, what unusually colored animal is in the title of a book by Nassim Taleb about improbable events and a 2010 movie starring Natalie Portman as a ballet dancer?

- Black Swan.

- That is also correct.

On to the next toss-up.

What term coined by Michael Faraday from the Greek for a way down is an electrode that is a site of reduction and is connected to an anoid...an anode?

Excuse me.

A cathode is a correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What author described a rough beast that slouches towards Bethlehem in his poem The Second Coming, and also wrote many poems about his native Ireland?

Pen Argyl.

- Joyce.

- Incorrect.

Salisbury, there's still a little time.

- Milton.

- Incorrect.

William Butler Yeats is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What first ever US delegate to the United Nations had previously organized Marian Anderson's concert at the Lincoln Memorial as FDR's first lady?

Pen Argyl.

- Eleanor Roosevelt.

- That is correct.

For your bonus, what band whose album Aqualung contains Locomotive Breath... - Jethro Tull.

- That is also correct.

On to the next toss-up.

What trigonometric function's namesake law extends the Pythagorean theorem to non right angles and is a reciprocal of the secant function?

Salisbury.

- Cosine.

- That is correct.

For your bonus, bed nets help protect against what insect which Carlos Finlay and Walter Reed proved was responsible for spreading yellow fever?

- Mosquitoes.

- That is also correct.

Next toss-up.

What island known before 1956 as Bedloe Island was renamed for a statue on the island with a tablet reading... Salisbury.

- Easter Island.

- Incorrect.

I'll continue the question.

Go ahead.

- Liberty Island.

- You are correct.

It contains a tablet reading July 4th 1776 and a torch.

For your bonus, what Big Ten school whose men's basketball team is coached by Duane Howard featured a group of players in in the 1990s known as the Fab Five or the Five Freshmen?

- Villanova.

- Incorrect.

The University of Michigan is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

In 2022 what literary medal, making its 100th anniversary, went to Donna Barba Higuera and in her book The Last Cuentista as the ALA's most Esteemed Book for Children?

- Pulitzer Prize.

- Incorrect.

Over to Salisbury.

That would be the Newbery Medal.

Next toss-up.

What event whose 109th addition began in Copenhagen in July 2022 is a major annual cycling race that always finishes on the Champs-Elysées?

Pen Argyl.

- Tour de France.

- That is correct.

For your bonus, in what type of fraction, such as 5/3, is the numerator greater than the denominator?

- Improper fraction.

- That is also correct.

Next toss-up.

What painting in which the god Zephyr blows the title goddess towards the shore is by... Salisbury.

- Birth of Venus.

- That is correct.

It's by Botticelli and depicts the love goddess in a shell.

For your bonus, what author wrote about Major Kovalyov, who travels to Saint Petersburg in search of a missing body part in the 1863 Russian short story The Nose?

- Dostoevsky.

- Incorrect.

Gogol is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

Theodore Maiman built the first of what devices, which uses a gain medium to achieve a population inverse that generates coherent beams of light?

The correct answer is a laser.

And with that, we've reached our first lightning round.

in a pre-match coin toss, it was determined that Salisbury will get to pick between the following topics - either stars or Italian Renaissance artists.

- Italian Renaissance artists.

- All right, Italian Renaissance artists.

Salisbury, your topic is Italian Renaissance artists.

Given a work, indicate whether it was created by Michelangelo, Raphael, Leonardo or Donatello.

The Mona Lisa.

Da Vinci.

°Correct.

The Creation of Adam and other works on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.

- Michelangelo.

- Correct.

The School of Athens.

- Donatello.

- Incorrect.

A drawing of ideal body proportions called the Vitruvian Man.

- Da Vinci.

- That is correct.

A 17 foot tall marble statue of David.

- Donatello.

- Incorrect.

A bronze sculpture of David created around 1440.

- Donatello.

- That is correct.

The painting The Last Supper.

- Da Vinci.

- That is correct.

A sculpture of Moses with horns.

- Raphael.

- Incorrect.

The equestrian statue Gattamelata.

- Da Vinci.

- That is incorrect.

The most expensive painting ever sold, Salvador Mundi.

Salvador Mundi.

- Michelangelo.

- Incorrect.

That was Da Vinci.

Pen Argyl, you're left with stars.

Answer the following about stars.

Noble gas formed by fusion of hydrogen in the sun.

- Helium.

- correct.

North Star found in the tail of Ursa Minor.

- Polaris.

- Correct.

Brightest star in the night sky.

- North Star.

- Incorrect.

Event whose type two involves core collapse and explosion of a high mass star.

- Supernova.

- Correct.

Small dim star type that is the most common in the universe.

- White dwarf.

- That is correct.

Group of stars nicknamed the Seven Sisters.

- Pass.

- Letter denoting the special class of the sun.

- Pass.

- Red supergiant on Orion's left shoulder.

- Betelgeuse.

- Correct.

Cool dark patches on stars with high magnetic flux.

- Sunspots.

- Correct.

Collection of stars that can be open or globular.

- Pass.

- That last one is star clusters.

That is the end of the lightning round.

Pen Argyl, unfortunately, we realized that you said white dwarf instead of red dwarf for one of the answers.

So we'll have to take those points away.

We'll continue on with the next toss-up question.

What political party currently led by Keir Starmer had previously... Salisbury.

- Labour Party.

- That is correct.

For your bonus, following the 2020 election, Republicans in seven states sent fake elector certificates...

Excuse me.

..fake elector certificates to what federal agency that preserves government records?

- Federal Archives.

- That is incorrect.

t's the National Archives, or the Office of the Federal Register would have also been OK. Next toss-up.

What field of study, which was practiced by Clifford Geertz and Margaret Mead, concerns human culture and has a name meaning study of man?

Pen Argyl.

- Anthropology.

- That is correct.

For your bonus, what leader of the Soviet Union signed the SALT 1 treaty in 1972 after succeeding Nikita Khrushchev in 1964?

- Brezhnev.

- Is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

In what year, in which John Bell ran for president of the Constitutional Union ticket, did a victory by Abraham Lincoln... Salisbury.

- 1860.

- That is correct.

It led South Carolina to secede.

For your bonus, Dufu's Ballad Of The Army Carts and Li Bai's Buys Drinking Alone By Moonlight are poems from which Chinese dynasty under which literature flourished?

Ming.

°Incorrect.

The Tang Dynasty is the correct answer.

The next toss-up is in math.

Pencil and paper ready.

If a 7 is dealt from a standard 52 card deck, what is the probability the next card from the remaining 51 will also be a 7?

Pen Argyl.

- 3 out of 51.

- That is... - Which is defined as 1/17.

- That is correct, yes.

You gave us both ways that we were looking for being acceptable answers.

For your bonus, Andre Leon Talley was hired by Anna Wintour to work at what US fashion magazine whose name means style in French?

Pen Argyl.

- Vogue.

- That is correct.

Next toss-up.

What city which was the origin of fado music lies at the mouth of the Tigris River, contains the Vasco da Gama bridge and is the capital of Portugal?

Salisbury.

- Lisbon.

- That is correct.

For your bonus, what devices which contain a tube filled with inert gas produce audible clicks when radiation is detected?

- Geiger counter.

- That is also correct.

Next toss-up.

What instrument provides the nickname of the Camille Saint-Saens Third Symphony, is sometimes operated with a bellows and has massive pipe forms?

Salisbury.

- An organ.

- That is correct.

For your bonus, in December 2021, the airport in Las Vegas was renamed in honor of what former US Senate Majority Leader who died just two weeks later?

- John McCain.

- Harry...

Sorry, time is out.

Harry Reid is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What poetic form used in John Donne's Death Be Not Proud and William Shakespeare's Shall I Compare Thee To A Summer's Day... - Sonnet.

- That is correct.

..is 14 lines long?

For your bonus, the tomb of Napoleon is in what Parisian complex, originally built as a home for disabled war veterans?

Les Invalides is the correct answer.

And with that, we've reached half-time.

We have an excellent, really tight match under way.

Pen Argyl is leading 120 points to Salisbury's 115.

Now, let's take a moment for each student to introduce themselves.

They'll give their name, grade level and the app they can't live without.

Pen Argyl, we start with you.

Ella, go ahead.

- My name is Ella.

I'm a freshman at Pen Argyl High School.

And the app I can't live without is Messages.

- Great.

- I am Kohai.

I am a senior at Pen Argyl High School.

I would say the app I can't live without is honestly just Safari.

I use it more than anything else.

- I'm Jon.

I'm a junior at Pen Argyl High School and I cannot live without Spotify.

-I'm Alyssa.

I'm a senior at Pen Argyl High School.

And the app I can't live without is Pinterest.

- Oh, very cool.

Do you have any one particular type of category you follow on Pinterest?

- I like cool art, like seeing arts and play pictures of the world, I would say, - All right.

Salisbury, we continue with you.

Grace, go ahead.

- Hi, I'm Grace, a senior at Salisbury High School.

And the app I cannot live without is my Merriam-Webster dictionary.

- My name is Jackson.

I'm a senior at Salisbury High School, and the app I can't live without is Twitter.

- My name is Tristan.

I'm a senior at Salisbury High School, and I cannot live without eBay.

- Hi, my name is Cameron.

I'm a sophomore at Salisbury High School, and the app I cannot live without is Snapchat.

- Very cool.

Tristan, is there anything in particular that you buy or sell on eBay?

- I buy a lot of my jewelry on eBay usually from stores that are in the local area.

- Oh, very cool.

My sister in law designs and makes jewelry.

I actually have one of her bracelets on now.

So I'll have to let you know her name and her Etsy storefront after the show.

All right.

It was great to get to know the students.

We're going to continue with the second half of the match with the following toss-up in math.

Pencil and paper ready.

Given that the logarithm of X plus the logarithm of 6 equals the logarithm of 12, what is the value of the whole...

Pen Argyl.

- Two.

- That is correct.

X equals 2.

..what was the value of the whole?

Number 2 is what we were looking for.

For your bonus, William Faulkner set many of his novels in the fictional Yoknapatawpha County, which is in what Southern state?

- Georgia.

- Incorrect.

Mississippi is the correct answer.

Next, toss-up.

The House of the Faun, which was preserved in volcanic ash by the AD79 eruption of Mount Vesuvius, is in what city... Salisbury.

- Pompeii.

- That's correct.

..what city on the Bay of Naples?

For your bonus, the Good Friday Agreement largely ended violence in what constituent country of the UK?

That would be to the captain to answer if you have an answer.

- Northern Ireland, -That is also correct.

Next toss-up.

In what film are General Erinmore's orders for Colonel Mackenzie carried on foot by two lance corporals in World War I... - 1917.

- That is correct.

..during the title year?

For your bonus, what piece, of a seven word name, An excerpt from Act Two of Edvard Grieg's Peer Gynt, is known for its increasingly frenetic tempo?

In The Hall Of The Mountain King is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What molecule, whose auto ionization constant is the product of hydroxide and hydronium ion concentrations is known as a universal solvent?

Pen Argyl.

- Water.

- That is correct.

For your bonus, what quantity, which is proportional to the average kinetic energy of molecules in gas, is related to a gas's volume by Charles's Law?

Temperature or thermodynamic temperature is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

The battle of Stamford Bridge fell three weeks before what battle... Salisbury?

- Battle of Hastings?

- That is correct.

..at which they faced the forces under William the Conqueror.

For your bonus, what civil rights leader and chairman of SNCC was beaten while leading the Selma marches in 1965 and later served as a congressman from Georgia?

- John Lewis.

- That is correct.

Next toss-up.

What man who was killed when two Hellfire missiles struck a house in Kabul in July 2022 drone strike helped plan 9/11 and was the head of Al Qaida?

- Pen Argyl.

- Bin Laden.

Incorrect.

Salisbury, there's still a little time.

And there's no confirming, - Hussein.

- That's also incorrect.

It's Ayman al Zawahiri is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What leader of the Merry Pranksters wrote about Randall McMurphy, who is lobotomized in a mental asylum in his novel One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest?

Ken Kesey is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What protein which forms stiff chains when mutated in sickle cell disease has four iron atoms that bind to oxygen and is found in red blood cells?

Salisbury.

- Hemoglobin.

- That is correct.

For your bonus, a young member of the Liddell family was supposedly the basis for what literary character who attends a tea party with March Hare and Mad Hatter?

- Alice.

- That is correct.

Next toss-up.

What country, which contains an arid region with a rich flora of succulents, called the Great Karoo, completely surrounds Lesotho and...

Pen Argyl.

- South Africa.

- That is correct.

..and has three national capitals, including Cape Town?

Your bonus is in math.

Pencil and paper ready.

If eight hikers have enough water for a six day trip, how many days would 12 hikers last with the same amount of water?

- Four.

- That is correct.

Next toss-up.

What philosopher who wrote about the definition of knowledge in a work called the Theaetetus includes the Allegory of the Cave in The Republic?

Salisbury.

- Plato.

- That is correct.

For your bonus, what city contains Anish Kapoor's reflective sculpture Cloud Gate, nicknamed the Bean due to its shape in its Millennium Park?

- Chicago.

- That is also correct.

With that, we've reached our second lightning round.

In the second lightning round, Pen Argyl will get to pick between the following topics of Super Bowl 56 or two Ws.

- Two Ws.

- Two Ws.

All right.

Your topic is two Ws.

Give these words or names that contain the letter W at least twice.

The capital of Poland.

- Warsaw.

- Correct.

William Carlos Williams wrote a poem about a red one.

- Pass.

Stephen Chbosky wrote a book about the perks of being one of these.

- Wallflower.

- Correct.

Employee who reveals illegal activity in a company.

- Whistle blower.

- Correct.

Tree with a weeping variety.

- Willow.

- Correct.

To narrow or reduce in number.

- Wallow.

- Incorrect.

Term for a woman whose spouse has died.

- Widow.

- Correct.

Native American gathering whose name comes from the Narragansett word.

- Pass.

- Bird to which William Cullen Bryant dedicated a poem.

- Pass.

- Chinese dog breed with a thick, coarse coat.

- Pass.

- That last one would be a chow chow.

Salisbury, we now move over to you.

Your topic is Super Bowl 56.

Answer the following about Super Bowl 56.

This Los Angeles based team won.

- Rams.

- Correct.

This team from Ohio lost.

- Bengals.

- Correct.

LA quarterback who threw three touchdowns.

- Stafford.

- Correct.

This rapper performed Lose Yourself at half-time.

- Eminem.

- Correct.

LA receiver named the game's MVP.

- Cooper Kupp.

- That is also correct.

Trophy named for a former Packers coach given to LA... - Lombardi.

- Correct.

TV network that aired it and also broadcasts Sunday night football.

- NBC.

- That is correct.

LA coach who became the youngest head coach.

- Sean McVay.

- That is correct.

Former Broncos linebacker who had two... - Von Miller.

- That is correct.

This play by play announcer for the game joined Amazon's NFL coverage... - Al Michaels.

- Yes, and I think he almost regrets it every day.

The Thursday night games have not been great this season.

Great job on that.

We have a sports fan there in Jackson.

OK. We'll conclude the match with this final quarter of the game and the following toss-up.

What region extends about three light years from the sun outside the heliosphere, contains icy objects and is a cloud named for a Dutch astronomer?

Pen Argyl.

- Oort Cloud, however you pronounce it.

- That is correct.

The Oort Cloud is correct.

For your bonus, what president appointed Albert Fall as Secretary of the Interior, in which role Fall illegally leased federal oil reserves during a 1920s scandal?

- Harding.

- That is correct.

And that was the Teapot Dome Scandal.

Good answer.

Next toss-up.

What government headed by the elderly Philippe Petain was compelled, after the 1940s fall of France, to collaborate with the Nazi occupation force?

Pen Argyl.

- Spain.

- That is incorrect.

Salisbury.

- Catalonia?

- Buzz in, please - Catalonia.

- That is incorrect.

It is Vichy France is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What author said If God did not exist, it would be necessary to... - Voltaire.

- Voltaire.

- That is correct.

Your bonus is in math.

Pencil and paper ready.

What is the area of the circle defined by the equation X squared plus Y squared equals 77?

- Jackson.

- Seven.

- That is incorrect.

77 pi is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What animal which is depicted in Marmaduke Wetherell's surgeon's photograph is an alleged plesiosaur that lives in a lake near Inverness in... Salisbury.

- The Loch Ness Monster.

- That is correct.

..in Scotland would complete that question.

For your bonus, in what country did the 2010 self immolation of produce seller Mohamed Bouazizi set off the Jasmine Revolution and inspire other Arab Spring protests?

- Libya.

- Incorrect.

The correct answer is Tunisia.

Next toss-up.

What religious moment whose early leaders include George Fox has members who are seeking an inner light and were nicknamed... Salisbury.

- The Enlightenment.

- That is incorrect.

I can complete the question for Pen Argyl.

..were nicknamed for trembling at the Lord's word?

- Shake... Shakers.

- That is incorrect.

Also, Quakers is the correct answer that we're looking for.

Next toss-up.

What composer of the semi opera King Arthur included When I Am Laid In Earth, a renowned lament in his English baroque opera, Dido And Aeneas?

Henry Purcell is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What rock band's fourth album ends with a cover of Memphis Minnie's When the Levee Breaks and also... - Led Zeppelin.

- That is correct.

..also includes the songs Black Dog and Stairway To Heaven?

For your bonus, the Drake Passage lies south of what cape, which is at the southernmost point of the Tierra del Fuego Archipelago?

- Cape Horn.

- That is also correct.

Next toss-up.

What adjective describes acids that completely dissociate in solution, also names a force of mediation by gluons and holds atomic nuclei together?

Strong force is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What author of the play A View from the Bridge also wrote about Biff and Happy, the sons of failed businessman Willy Loman in Death Of A Salesman?

- Pen Argyl.

- Miller.

- Arthur Miller is correct.

For your bonus... Oh, and with that, we have reached the end of the game.

Really great match between two evenly matched teams.

Unfortunately, Pen Argyl, with 235 points, you will not move on.

Good luck with the rest of your school year.

Salisbury, congratulations to you.

With 260 points, you are moving on to the next match and we'll see you next week when Freedom High School faces off against Northwestern Lehigh.

Thank you.